1. Foinse sulfair chreimneach in ola inslithe claochladáin
Tá an ola inslithe a úsáidtear sa chóras cumhachta claochladáin scagtha go príomha ó pheitriliam nádúrtha. Tá comhdhéanamh ceimiceach peitriliam sách casta. Níl sé comhdhéanta d'eilimint aonair ná d'aon chomhdhúil shimplí, ach meascán de chomhdhúile iolracha atá comhdhéanta de go leor eilimintí.
Transformer oil manufacturers retain a small amount of sulfur in the oil, using its function as a natural oxidation inhibitor. Under normal circumstances, sulfur compounds can slow down the aging rate of the oil and prevent the formation of acidic substances and precipitates. The finished transformer oil The total sulfur content is generally below 0.5 percent . The sulfur and sulfide in the oil are divided into two categories: "active sulfur" and "inactive sulfur". Active sulfur mainly includes elemental sulfur, hydrogen sulfide, and mercaptan, which can directly react with metals. , has high corrosiveness, and the rest are called inactive sulfur, mainly including sulfide compounds, alkyl sulfides, cyclic sulfides and sulfonic acids. Higher levels of mercaptans are found in low-refined imported transformer oils of the type with no added antioxidants or with added trace amounts of antioxidants.
2. Dochar sulfair chreimneach in ola claochladáin
1. Meicníocht foirmithe suilfíd cuprous in ola claochladán Méadaíonn an ráta creimeadh mercaptan go copar le méadú teochta. Nuair a mhéadaíonn an teocht ó 60 céim go 120 céim, is féidir leis an ráta creimeadh mercaptan go copar a mhéadú thart ar 16 huaire.
Go ginearálta téann foirmiú suilfíd cuprous trí chéim:
(1) Déantar dromchla na sreinge copair sa chlaochladán a ocsaídiú chun scannán cuprous ocsaíd a dhéanamh.
(2) Imoibríonn an scannán cuprous ocsaíd le thiols chun thiolates copair a ghiniúint atá intuaslagtha in ola.
(3) Copper mercaptide can be brought to various parts of the transformer by the transformer oil, but most of it is adsorbed and left on the insulating paper by the insulating paper. When the temperature is high, it will decompose to form cuprous sulfide Cu2S and oil-soluble organic residues . The reaction formula of the reaction process is as follows: 2Cu plus O2→Cu2O Cu2O plus 2RSH→2CuSR plus H2O 2CuSR→Cu2S plus RSH where RSH represents a thiol, and R represents an alkyl group. At present, transformers above 220kv are all sealed with capsules or metal expanders, and have been vacuum degassed before being put into operation, but a small amount of oxygen will remain in the transformer oil. Standard and the dissolved ratio of oxygen and nitrogen in the transformer oil (about 3:7), the oxygen content in the oil is allowed to be 3000uL/L, so theoretically, the above reaction will occur in any oil-immersed transformer.
2. Tionchar suilfíd cuprous ar fheidhmíocht inslithe claochladáin
Is substaint mhicreasheoltach í suilfíd cuprous, agus tá a seoltacht i bhfad níos airde ná mar a bhaineann le páipéar inslithe agus ola claochladáin. Déantar táirgeadh suilfíd cuprous sa chlaochladán a thaisceadh ar dtús ar dhromchla seoltóir copair an choil sa foirceannadh. Ag an am seo, is lú an dochar a dhéanann an taisce shuilfíd chopair agus ní leor é chun páirt-urscaoileadh agus tionóiscí gearrchiorcaid a chruthú idir casadh agus sraitheanna. Mar sin féin, nuair a bhíonn an claochladán ag rith, le sreabhadh an ola claochladáin, déanfar an coil a sciúradh go leanúnach, agus cuirfear níos mó taiscí sulfíde cuprous ar fionraí san ola claochladáin agus a adsorbaítear don chairtchlár inslithe. Nuair a shroicheann an suilfíd cuprous a ghintear Ag méid áirithe, athróidh an suilfíd cuprous atá asaithe ar an gcairtchlár inslithe dáileadh an réimse leictrigh taobh istigh den chlaochladán agus laghdóidh sé an voltas sheasamh neart an chorna sa foirceannadh. Faoi choinníollacha oibriúcháin áirithe, tarlaíonn urscaoileadh páirteach taobh istigh den foirceannadh, tá an t-ábhar inslithe briste síos, agus urscaoileadh stua tromchúiseach, a eascraíonn i timpiste dóite claochladáin.